Computers
Computer hardware consists
of the components that can be physically handled. The function of these
components is typically divided into three main categories: input, output,
and storage. We shall explain the following components :-
-
Main
Processor Unit
-
Ram
-
Hard
Disk Drive
-
Floppy
Drive
-
CD
ROM
Main
Processor Unit -
Central Processing Unit
(CPU) - microscopic circuitry that interprets and executes instructions,
and controls and provides the processing power for computers. Usually a
CPU is a microprocessor chip, a single piece of silicon containing millions
of electrical components.
RAM
Random Access memory,
a temporary store for data being used by the current process. The storage
locations can be accessed in any order. Note that the various types of
ROM memory are capable of random access. The term RAM, however, is generally
understood to refer to volatile memory, (i.e. data in ram is lost if power
is removed).
Hard
Disk Drive
Hard Drives are fast
high-capacity storage units that are completely enclosed in a protective
case, they are an electromechanical device that reads from and writes data
to a set of disks coated with material that allows the magnetic recording
of data.
Floppy
Disks
Floppy disks round,
flat piece of Mylar coated with ferric oxide, a rust like substance containing
tiny particles capable of holding a magnetic field, and encased in a protectve
plastic cover, the disk jacket.
CD-ROM
Means comact disk read-only
memory, a form of storage characterised by high capacity (roughly 600 megabytes)
and the use of laser optics rather than magnetic means for reading data.
Although CD-ROM devices are strictly read-only, they are similar to optical
WORM(write once, read many) devices and to optical read-write drives.
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